Welp this is going to take awhile......
1. Why did tobi used the name Uchiha madara? Because it spreads fear.... why does it spread fear? because he is recognized as one of the strongest shinobi ever. He says this is the power of uchiha madara or the true power of uchiha madara refering to why he is revered as a legendary/timeless shinobi that even 100 years after his death people are still afraid of his name. That is what i meant. Note he is a strategist he is trying to scare his opponents just like when he let himself get hit to show that he had the 1sts dna. Hes boasting to them because he knows he's immortal and has a perfect body. And when activates PS he is basically saying **** you to them trying to rally thinking they can beat him.
2. by saying he awakened the rinnegan a short time before he died doesnt show anything other than before he died he awakened the rinnegan we dont know how long that time interval between him awakening it and before him dying.
3. I see you whole literal landscape thing, but in madara and hashirama's time there was no villages and countries just hired clans to do their work. However, when Madara awakened his ems he conquered hundreds of clans forcing their loyalty to the Uchiha. I assume the senju kinda did the same thing so when the two came together they create countries which was unheard of in their era. It's a big deal to create a nation/country wouldnt you say so? SO why does he say the world would be a better place united under a infinite tsuykomi and talk of how i destroy the planet? He's talking about ending the whole strife of the shinobi world and uniting everyone....aka they are in a giant war involving all of the countries currently in existence if madara's side wins there are no borders
4. kinda context interprettation goes one way or another not really into discussing which way it leans more than others
5. Here is your bijuu comment right there in the manga..... out of madara's mouth
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and how do you deny sasuke getting the PS? Madara didn't say he needed the first cells for rinnegan he said when one surpasses the sharingan he awakens the rinnegan aka sasuke can achieve the rinnegan.... and thank you for the T4S comment there lawlz
6. I understand itachi brought up a whole new doujutsu tech and that could be correlated to the PS however, what new techniques have been brought up with the use of the ems? none because susanoo is already an ms tech. The ems is eternal light aka they never go blind. Still sasuke hasnt used anything like a PS and he has ems. Madara has his rinnegan active for usage of PS and if rinnegan is completely different from E/MS and sharingan he shouldnt be able to use EMS techs with it active. BUt he does....and yet he has the rinnegan awakened when he stabilizes the susanoo fi they are different shouldnt he has the ems awakened?
Notes: I have brought up several points than provided manga clips that help prove those statements completely ignoring them and saying im using illogical intrepretations is kinda wrong.
Im sorry for being rather curt however understand my stand point that while you however debate and bring up great points others have just insulted me and said no without backing anything they say.
PS. IF rinnegan is seperate from sharingan how does one progress from ems to rinnegan but they arent related? nothing can be proven right or wrong really until kishi reveils more because we dont know about madara's fight with hashirama at all or what he had back than ems and the kyuubi and that alone. And that he lost and retrieved some of 1sts dna
PPS:Why does the uchiha tablet aka sharingan users has a third section that requires the rinnegan to fully translate it and understand what is said? Just general question here but it;s food for thought