Explained in mine. He's a religious icon. A deity, if you could say. Not really a creature in the common sense, nor a human. But it's close enough to be considered a Mythical Zoan, which he actually did (Argument should have been settled right there)
Yes, ignoring the one actual fact, stated above.
Not actually a Giant from the human race, just a gigantic being. But sure, qualifies him as a "giant". I wouldn't be surprised to see a Human Human: Model Giant. In this case, it allows you to turn into a different being, the Buddha, or, in the case of what was shown in the manga, an Hybrid between him and a Buddha. It blurs though, because Sengoku was already a human. So the full transformation and the hybrid transformation should be the same, or similar. If an elephant had eaten the Buddha fruit, I wouldn't be surprised to see a human Buddha as the full transformation and an elephant Buddha as the hybrid.
No. A Paramecia would work by allowing him to change sizes, OR allow him to turn to gold/golden OR allow him to produce shockwaves. That's how a Paramecia works. Allowing him to turn into a Buddha (And encompass all those) it's a Mythical Zoan.
What element is "Giant"? Can you produce "Giant"? Can you turn into "Giant"? Is it a liquid, a solid? A state of energy? Is it a natural phenomenon? No? It's not a Logia. What you described is how a Paramecia works, altering his size to that of a Giant, like the other way around, the Mini Mini fruit, Paramecia. But it's not just that, is it?
Again, no. There's no natural phenomenon called "Giant Statue". There's no element, chemical, geographic, of "Giant Statue". A fruit that enables you to turn into a statue, as in, the petrified version of yourself, would be a Paramecia. A fruit that allowed you to turn others into statues, would be a Paramecia (like Mero Mero). Turning into this particular statue, the religious symbol, the deity, is considered a Mythical Zoan.
Actually, not one of his powers would qualify as Logia. The only way it could be considered Logia and still have a slight connection with what Sengoku's fruit does, would be an hypothetical Gold Gold Fruit THAT works by turning yourself into Gold, produce gold, be gold, exist in a state of liquid/solid etc. Not just change your skin to gold, which is what happens with Sengoku, that would be a Paramecia of the same name (And most likely what would happen if it was to exist, similar to the speculated Diamond Diamond fruit, Jozu's unnamed fruit, which is most likely also Paramecia). But Sengoku doesn't act even similarly as any of that.
Like I said, many times, this is not some historical figure, a religious leader or a rank. We're talking about a religious symbol/deity of a Buddha, who is made of Gold and shoots shock waves. It's a Mythical creature. You might be a humans!, but I'm a human, and biology is not just a decorative connotation. Specially in a Fruit type that revolves about turning yourself into another "being", note the being, as in living being, imaginary or not.
If you want to ignore arguments and facts other people give you, just delete your thread and make a private blog. Zoan fruits might have the same name, but different models are different fruits entirely, I have already said this.
Vampire, Dwarf, Elf, Werewolf (Part Wolf part Human), Ghost to a certain extend, Zombie to a certain extend, Mermaid, Angel, Demon, and variations. These are mythical, fantasy, imaginary creatures based on humans, as such, could be qualified as Mythical Humans.
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The other part of that quote I've already answered above.