Comment ça va is usually used to say how's it going?
Ça va is for are you alright?
No. If you're using a knowledge of Canadian French, then don't. That's a different kettle of fish.
OT: They both mean the same thing, except ça va has more other, different uses.
You can also use comment vas-tu but only if you're talking to one person. Comment allez-vous is not only more formal, but can also be used in situations with multiple people.
Oh and as for "comment t'appelle tu?", that's just a slightly more formal version of "comment tu t'appelle?"
How do I know? French is practically my other first language.