(I posted in the main section to share my culture as well, I am not participating the contest)
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Christmas in The Netherlands
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The most important day for the children in The Netherlands is when St. Nicholas (Sinterklaas) brings them their presents. St. Nicholas' Day is on the 6th December, but in The Netherlands, the major celebrations are held on the 5th of December, St. Nicholas' Eve. The name Santa Claus comes from the name Sinterklaas.
It all starts on the second Saturday of November (the first Saturday after 11th November) when Sinterklaas travels to a city or town in The Netherlands. Dutch tradition says that St. Nicholas lives in Madrid, Spain and every year he chooses a different harbour to arrive in Holland, so as many children as possible get a chance to see him.
Sinterklaas travels with his servants called 'Zwarte Pieten' ('Black Peters'). When Sinterklaas and the Black Peters come ashore from the steam boat, all of the local church bells ring in celebration. Sinterklaas, dressed in his red robes, leads a procession through the town, riding a white horse. Every town in The Netherlands has a few Sinterklaas helpers, dressed the same as Sinterklaas who help give the presents out.
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Children are told that the Zwarte Pieten keep a record of all the things they have done in the past year in a big book. Good children will get presents from Sinterklaas, but bad children will be put in a sack and the Zwarte Pieten take them to Spain for a year to teach them how to behave.
On the evening that Sinterklaas arrives in The Netherlands, children leave a shoe out by the fireplace or sometimes a windowsill and sing Sinterklaas songs. They hope that Sinterklaas will come during the night with some presents. They also believe that if they leave some hay and carrots in their shoes for Sinterklaas's horse, they will be left some sweets or small presents. They're told that, during the night, Sinterklaas rides on the roofs on his horse and that a 'Zwarte Piet' will then climb down the chimney (or through a window) and put the presents and/or candy in their shoes.
The figure of Zwarte Piet is considered by some to be racist. Accordingly, the traditions surrounding the holiday of Sinterklaas have been the subject of numerous editorials, debates, documentaries, protests and even violent clashes at festivals. Some large cities and television channels now only display Zwarte Piet characters with some soot marks on the face rather than full blackface, so-called roetveegpieten or schoorsteenpieten ("chimney Petes"). Nevertheless, both Zwarte Piet and the holiday remain popular in the Netherlands.
In many families the children are told that Sinterklaas and Zwarte Piet make a weekly visit, so the children leave their shoe by the fireplace or window i.e. every Saturday until the main Sinterklaas party on 5th December.
The evening of December 5th is called St. Nicholas’ Eve 'Sinterklaasavond' or 'Pakjesavond' (present evening). The children will receive their presents during the evening. There might be a knock at the door and you might find a sack full of presents!
Sinterklaas parties are often held on St. Nicholas' Eve (5th), where treasure hunt games are played with poems and riddles giving the clues. Children follow the clues to find little presents left by Sinterklaas. Special biscuits and sweets are also eaten at the party. One type of biscuit is called 'letter blanket' or 'banketletter' (meaning letter cake), which is made from marzipan or pastry. The biscuits are made in the shapes of the first letter of the peoples names who are at the party. Another sweet biscuit that is eaten at the parties are 'pepernoot' which are made with cinnamon and spices in the pastry biscuit mix.
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Pepernoot / Christmas Tree Cookies
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(from Holland
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)Ingredients
Metric
- 250g plain flour
- 1 teaspoon baking powder
- 1/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon
- pinch of salt
- 165g caster sugar
- 1 teaspoon finely grated lemon rind
- 165g unsalted butter
- approx. 1 tablespoon milk
- To decorate:
- 1 egg white, beaten
- 4-5 tablespoons of coffee sugar crystals
- 9oz plain flour
- 1 teaspoon baking powder
- 1/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon
- pinch of salt
- 5 1/2oz caster sugar
- 1 teaspoon finely grated lemon rind
- 5 1/2oz unsalted butter
- approx. 1 tablespoon milk
- To decorate:
- 1 egg white, beaten
- 4-5 tablespoons of coffee sugar crystals
Sift the flour, baking powder, cinnamon and salt into a mixing bowl. Mix in the sugar and grated lemon rind. Cut the fat into the flour then rub in to a breadcrumb consistency and knead into a soft dough, adding a little milk if needed. Shape into a ball and put in a cool place for at least 1 hour before rolling out.
Turn the dough on to a floured board and roll out to 3 mm or an 1/8 inch thick. Using biscuit (or cookie) cutters, cut out a variety of shapes Christmas trees, stars, rings and animals. Put together and re-roll the dough trimmings to make more cookies. With a thick skewer, pierce a hole in the top of each one. Leaving the other shapes plain, brush one side of the Christmas trees and stars sparingly with egg white, then dip into the coffee sugar before baking. Bake all the shapes in a preheated moderate oven at 180°C / 350°F / Gas Mark 4 for 15 to 20 minutes or until set and golden. Cool on a wire tray. You can use icing to stick other decorations onto the cookies. When set, thread a narrow red or green ribbon or a tinsel cord through the hole in each cookie and hang on the Christmas tree or fir boughs.
Makes about 30-36
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Kerstkrans
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(From Holland
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)Ingredients
Metric
- (Pastry Mix)
- 225g plain flour
- pinch of salt
- 25g butter or lard
- 15g fresh yeast
- or
- 1 1/2 teaspoons dried yeast
- 15g caster sugar
- 5 tablespoons warm water
- 1 egg, beaten
- 125g butter
- 1 egg, beaten
- (Filling)
- 120g ground almonds
- 120g caster sugar
- finely grated rind of 1 lemon
- 1 small egg, beaten
- 6 glacé cherries, halved
- (To decorate)
- 3-4 tablespoons apricot jam
- 1 tablespoon water
- 100g thin Lemon glace Icing
- 6 glacé cherries, halved
- (Pastry Mix)
- 8oz plain flour
- pinch of salt
- 1oz butter or lard
- 1/2oz fresh yeast
- or
- 1 1/2 teaspoons dried yeast
- 1/2oz caster sugar
- 5 tablespoons warm water
- 1 egg, beaten
- 5oz butter
- 1 egg, beaten
- (Filling)
- 4 1/2oz ground almonds
- 4 1/2oz caster sugar
- finely grated rind of 1 lemon
- 1 small egg, beaten
- 6 glacé cherries, halved
- (To Decorate)
- 3-4 tablespoons apricot jam
- 1 tablespoon water
- 4oz thin Lemon glace Icing
- 6 glacé cherries, halved
- Method
To make the Pastry: Sift the flour and salt into a warm mixing bowl and rub in the fat. Blend the yeast with the sugar and water. Leave for 10 minutes to froth if using dried yeast. Stir into the flour with the beaten egg nd mix to a soft dough. Turn on to a floured board and knead lightly for about 5 minutes until smooth. Put in an oiled polythene bag and refrigerate for 10 minutes. (Or you can use pre-made/frozen puff pastry!)
To make the Ring: Mix the almonds and sugar with the grated lemon rind. Work in sufficient beaten egg to make a soft but not sticky paste. Knead into a ball.
Roll out the pastry into a strip 10 x 53 cm / 4 x 21 inches and 3 mm / 1/8 inch thick. Roll the almond paste into a thin roll 48 cm / 19 inches long. Press the cherry halves deep into it at equal intervals. Place the almond paste roll over the pastry strip, just above center. Fold the upper edge of the pastry down over the roll. Damp the lower edge with water, curl it up over the roll to just overlap the first pastry flap and press the edges firmly together.
Place a 15 cm / 6 inch saucepan lid on a baking sheet. Lift the pastry on to it with the join underneath and curl it round the lid. Remove the lid. Damp one end of the pastry roll with water and insert it in the other end. Press the join firmly and neatly together. Cover and leave to rise for 15 to 20 minutes.
Glaze with beaten egg and bake in a preheated hot oven at 230°C / 450°F / Gas Mark 8 for 20 to 5 minutes or until well risen and golden brown. Meanwhile, heat the apricot jam with the water and sieve it. Brush the pastry with it and arrange the cherry halves in pairs in the middle, round the ring. Coat while hot, with very thin Lemon glacé Icing.
On the 6th of December Sinterklaas (the birthday of Sinterklaas) leaves The Netherlands by steamboat via the entrance of the port of Rotterdam (Europe’s largest port) called the Hook of Holland and he travels back to Spain.
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Christmas Celebrations
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A Dutch Christmas is similar to the experience in other western, predominantly-Christian countries: Christmas in the Netherlands is typified by family gatherings, the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ, the eating of fine food and drink and the giving of gifts.
On Christmas Day, the day itself is much more quiet, with a Church Service and family meal. In a few villages, Christmas School is held in the afternoon at the church, where the Christmas Story and other traditional stories are being told. A few parents will also give presents on Christmas day, however the amount will be much less as they have already received most of their presents on St. Nicholas Day.
On Christmas Eve, Dutch children believe Santa Clause, which is called 'Kerstman' to avoid confusion with Sinterklaas, comes from Lapland in Finland and it will deliver even more presents!
Christmas will be celebrated on 2 days in The Netherlands. The first day called 'Eerste Kerstdag' and the second day 'Tweede Kerstdag'. On the first day, people and families will go to the church followed by a Christmas breakfast with lots of Kerststol.
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Kerststol
1/2 cup golden raisins
1/2 cup dried cranberries
1/4 cup orange liqueur
Sponge:
1 cup milk, warmed to 110 degrees F. (bathwater warm)
2 teaspoons granulated sugar
1 tablespoon active dry yeast
1/2 cup all purpose flour
Dough:
all of the sponge
1/2 cup unsalted butter, softened
2 eggs, slightly beaten
1/4 cup granulated sugar
1 tablespoon freshly grated orange peel
1 tablespoon freshly grated lemon peel
1/4 teaspoon cardamom
1/2 teaspoon cinnamon
1/4 teaspoon ginger
1 teaspoon salt
4-4 1/2 cups all purpose flour
Filling:
1 cup almond paste
Combine the raisins, cranberries, and orange liqueur in a small bowl. Cover and let soak for several hours or overnight.
For the sponge, combine the milk, sugar and yeast in a medium bowl. Stir in the flour. Cover the bowl loosely with plastic wrap and let it sit for about 10 minutes.
In a large mixing bowl of a stand mixer, combine the sponge, butter, eggs, sugar, orange and lemon peel, the spices, and 4 cups of the flour. Fit the mixer with the paddle attachment and beat the mixture until the dough is rough and shaggy. Drain the fruit and add to the dough. Switch the paddle for the dough hook and knead the dough at medium speed for about 6 minutes, or until smooth, adding additional flour if needed.
Place the dough in a greased bowl and cover loosely with plastic wrap. Allow to rise in a warm, draft-free area for 60 to 90 minutes or until about double in size.
Preheat oven to 375 degrees F.
Gently deflate the dough and divide in two. Cover one of the halves with plastic wrap and set aside. Roll the remaining dough into an oval shape, roughly 8 X 12 inches (do this over parchment paper or a silpat for easy transfer on to the baking sheet).
Divide the almond paste in half. Roll each half into a long rope, about 10 inches. Place one of the almond paste rolls lengthwise down the center of the dough. Fold the dough over the almond paste lengthwise, and gently pinch to seal. Repeat with the remaining dough and almond paste. Cover the bread with plastic wrap and allow to rise in a warm place for 30 minutes.
Bake for 30-35 minutes, or until golden brown. Cool completely. Dust with powdered sugar.
1/2 cup golden raisins
1/2 cup dried cranberries
1/4 cup orange liqueur
Sponge:
1 cup milk, warmed to 110 degrees F. (bathwater warm)
2 teaspoons granulated sugar
1 tablespoon active dry yeast
1/2 cup all purpose flour
Dough:
all of the sponge
1/2 cup unsalted butter, softened
2 eggs, slightly beaten
1/4 cup granulated sugar
1 tablespoon freshly grated orange peel
1 tablespoon freshly grated lemon peel
1/4 teaspoon cardamom
1/2 teaspoon cinnamon
1/4 teaspoon ginger
1 teaspoon salt
4-4 1/2 cups all purpose flour
Filling:
1 cup almond paste
Combine the raisins, cranberries, and orange liqueur in a small bowl. Cover and let soak for several hours or overnight.
For the sponge, combine the milk, sugar and yeast in a medium bowl. Stir in the flour. Cover the bowl loosely with plastic wrap and let it sit for about 10 minutes.
In a large mixing bowl of a stand mixer, combine the sponge, butter, eggs, sugar, orange and lemon peel, the spices, and 4 cups of the flour. Fit the mixer with the paddle attachment and beat the mixture until the dough is rough and shaggy. Drain the fruit and add to the dough. Switch the paddle for the dough hook and knead the dough at medium speed for about 6 minutes, or until smooth, adding additional flour if needed.
Place the dough in a greased bowl and cover loosely with plastic wrap. Allow to rise in a warm, draft-free area for 60 to 90 minutes or until about double in size.
Preheat oven to 375 degrees F.
Gently deflate the dough and divide in two. Cover one of the halves with plastic wrap and set aside. Roll the remaining dough into an oval shape, roughly 8 X 12 inches (do this over parchment paper or a silpat for easy transfer on to the baking sheet).
Divide the almond paste in half. Roll each half into a long rope, about 10 inches. Place one of the almond paste rolls lengthwise down the center of the dough. Fold the dough over the almond paste lengthwise, and gently pinch to seal. Repeat with the remaining dough and almond paste. Cover the bread with plastic wrap and allow to rise in a warm place for 30 minutes.
Bake for 30-35 minutes, or until golden brown. Cool completely. Dust with powdered sugar.
and on the second Christmas day we will visit our families and friends and enjoy a warm dinner all together.
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