Actually it does, it says that they are connected. So of course they would be able to sense eachothers chakra. Note: he has not said how he sensed Sakura's or Obito's chakra, even when Sakura was giving all that chakra to Obito.
Meaning, Sasuke and Naruto can sense eachothers chakra. Distance is a nonfactor
What you're forgetting is that Naruto's clone couldn't sense Sasuke after Kaguya took Sasuke away
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. Sasuke didn't sense Naruto until his clone was in the core dimension which is why Sasuke said he sensed Naruto chakra for an instant as was running to where he sensed it which is where Naruto's clone poofed and Sakura and Obito are
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. Naruto gained his clone knowledge and experience after it poofs which is why Naruto started to think about what his clone did and you can notice the "!!" as he got the info
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(Clone poofs) and
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(Naruto gets info).
Sakura and Obito were in Obito's Kamui when Sasuke would have sensed Naruto (
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) who has more chakra than Sakura (she admitted to having low chakra while trying to save Naruto and her Yin seal is on)
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. Sakura was healing the whole Alliance with Tsunade with her seal on
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then she said Tsunade, Shizune and her couldn't use medical ninjutsu anymore (prior to Sakura saying she have low chakra)
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. When Gaara asked Tsunade to heal Naruto but she said she didn't have the chakra to use medical ninjutsu and said Sakura still have some
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. We see Sakura's medical ninjutsu get smaller when she thought medical ninjutsu would work
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"My chakra is.."
He sensed Naruto because one of these reasons as i believe
1 . yin yang connection
2 ,. Rinnegan ( it can sense as well )
3 . Sasuke's demension travelling ability ( not much been explained )
4 . strength of Naruto's chakra ( his chakra sensed to konaha , now much stronger )
Kishimoto doesn't do things without a reason , what BZ said gonna happen , if more clones enter that demension but other way around ( Sasuke finding one of the clones ) .
Sasuke only sensed Naruto's clone when it was in the core dimension as I explained above, Naruto's clone couldn't even sense Sasuke until he went to the core dimension since Naruto said he sensed Sasuke after his clone poofed and he gained his clone's experiences. Sasuke said he sensed Naruto for an instant and nothing implied it was from Kaguya going in her dimension since she stopped going in when for a good while and when it was open, It's not likely that she would open to where Sasuke was since she's not going to make a mistake like that.