Considering that the Uchiha's would have to kill off a large part of Konohagakure's military in order to silence them, they probably would of gotten attacked afterwards by the neighboring countries.
At this point, the cultural divide between the Uchiha Clan and the rest of the Noble Clan's of Konohagakure; Hyuuga, Inuzuka, Nara, etc. -- Was real. Either they would stand down, or be killed off.
I would assume that at least 40-60% of the Village's population would be injured, hurt, or worse. And that includes the Uchiha Clan itself who most likely didn't annihilate everyone without injuries, especially after fighting the Hokage.
So to get to the point of things, when either Kumogakure, Sunagakure, Kirigakure, or Iwagakure hear about Konoha losing the leader, a large population of ninja, and being overrun from the inside out. They most likely would use this as an opportunity to go in and claim the Land of Fire as their own.
In my opinion I suspect Kumogakure would act first. They even tried to steal from Konoha when it was not broken from the inside out (Byakugan incident), so anyone who think they wouldn't swoop in and steal some KKG or more is crazy. They are the most power hungry from experience.
I'd say Konoha would last three days before everyone gets taken as a war prisoner.
