Kakashi stated that it usually takes Shinobi months/years to learn/develop their nature element.
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And those within the Jonin class usually have two elements.
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And he was surprised that a Genin had the skill to be able to perform the Fire Ball Jutsu.
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Sasuke had done so years earlier as an academy student.
At very young ages, he learned and developed both of his elements enough to master high level techniques in days. Fire style at age 7/8 for the Fire Ball Jutsu in a week, and Lightning style at age 13 for the Chidori in 15 days on top of physically developing himself well enough to attain Lee's level of High Speed Taijutsu.
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I said 15 days instead of a month because at the beginning of chapter 93 it said, "15 days since the start of training",
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Then a few pages later we see Sasuke meet up with Kakashi, and Kakashi says, "So, you're finally here", thus implying that Sasuke had just shown up to training, with just 15 days left.
This, and the next page.
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He likely just recovered and left the hospital that day to begin training. By 16, he mastered both of his elements, able to perform badass, epic, and powerful techniques such as Dragon's Flame and Kirin.
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He's already able to make extraordinary progress within a short amount of time through training, now factor this in with his Sharingan.
The Sharingan can perfectly copy any jutsu that uses Hand seals that is not a KKG. Kakashi who is not an Uchiha, who is negatively effected by using it, managed to copy over 1000 Jutsu. Sasuke could do alot better.
Kakashi's only original technique is Chidori. Sasuke, having already learned it, likely would have been shown jutsu to copy from Kakashi, who could think over what techniques he knows that would best suite him.
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His Intelligence factored in with his Sharingan's copying ability is Legendary.
The amount of progress he could have made in a month without copying techniques is vast, far more so if he did copy techniques.
Without knowing how he would develop in that time, it's hard to say how he would fair against Gaara.