Yes he did, it is pretty clear (if you are up to date with the manga) that there is a huge difference between Nagato and Madara and their rinnegan... Madara unlocked the rinnegan, hence he still has access to the sharingan and it's jutsu, while Nagato doesn't.
And another thing, have you noticed that Nagato always had the rinnegan activated? kinda like Kakashi... because it isn't his and thus can't deactivate it... of course he wouldn't suffer the same drawbacks as Kakashi because he is an Uzumaki, and has an incredible level of chakra and life force.