It didn't destroy the ship but the crew mates faintedConquers haki dominates over someone will and is not just used to knock out weak willed person their is more to it, Oda as not shown yet.
Shanks CH destroyed WB's ship.
The pressure from Shanks' haki damaged the ship, as well as knocking out the weaklings of Whitebeard's crew.It didn't destroy the ship but the crew mates fainted
It damaged the ship and he was not intended to use full power of CH.It didn't destroy the ship but the crew mates fainted
From what I've seen and understand it basically takes the will of the person and manifests it into a physical pressure that can be felt by the people in the surrounding areas.To be more precise, what is special about conqueror's haki