Wrong.
1 - Naruto was fighting/training for near 2 days before he lost Kurama. He was pushing himself metally and physically to his limits. That put a lot on stress on his body and mind. He didn't immediately died when Kurama was removed.
2 - Madara was the 10 tails jin. The manga stated the 10 tails gives its jin a huge amount of life force. That's the reason Obito didn't died when the 10 tails was removed. Yes, he may not have lost the 10 tails the same way Obito did, but he still received a huge amount of life force from the 10 tails.
Madara didn't died because he was the 10 tail jin. Naruto wasn't the 10 tail jin and was in worst condition when his tail beast was removed.
PS: What I find interesting about this thread is you (OP) decided to compare Madara after he gained the 10 tails/sage power (RSM) to Naruto prior to gaining sage power (RSM).