[Genjutsu] TheLastSamurai
- Thread starter TheLastSamurai
- Start date
TheLastSamurai
Active member
Awards
Genjutsu : are techniques that are employed in the same fashion as ninjutsu, requiring chakra and hand seals. However, the primary difference between the two is that the effects of genjutsu are illusory; instead of attacking the victim's body, like taijutsu or ninjutsu, genjutsu techniques manipulate the flow of chakra in the victim's brain, thus causing a disruption in their senses. Also, every Genjutsu is chakra fueled.
How it works? : Genjutsu works by using your own unique chakra to disturb the chakra flow of your opponent. Specially you use it in the brain of your opponent to alter his senses, by doing so, you can make him perceive any thing his senses are capable of: pain, heat, cold or even itching. You can basically make the opponent see, taste, smell, feel or hear anything you want. However, because this is done by using your chakra to manipulate his chakra flow, you need to be close, have direct eye contact or even physical contact with your opponent. You can say that the main limitation of Genjutsu is the range. The further you are away from your opponent, the harder it will become to induce the fluctuation on his chakra flow to produce the powerful and unique Genjutsu that you want.
How to counter/dispel a Genjutsu?
- The ninja needs to stop the flow of chakra in their body, and then apply an even stronger power to disrupt the flow of the caster's chakra. Likewise by altering your chakra flow through the introduction of foreign chakra you can get out of Genjutsu too. This can also be done by an unaffected ninja by applying a sudden surge of chakra into the affected person or even, for example, entering sage mode.
- Another option is accessible only to Sharingan wielders. Members of the Uchiha clan can break or see through Genjutsu using their Sharingan.
- One more option is through intense pain not caused by the Genjutsu and utilizing the resulting pain to bring their senses back in order.
- I also believe there is a C-rank Ninjutsu called Kai, which can be used to awaken oneself from a genjutsu by pushing the foreign chakra out of your body by using your own chakra ( that's my interpretation, not sure how it works).
Users:
Kurenai, Itachi Uchiha, Obito Uchiha
That's about all I know about it.
Please fill in the gaps if you'd like.
How it works? : Genjutsu works by using your own unique chakra to disturb the chakra flow of your opponent. Specially you use it in the brain of your opponent to alter his senses, by doing so, you can make him perceive any thing his senses are capable of: pain, heat, cold or even itching. You can basically make the opponent see, taste, smell, feel or hear anything you want. However, because this is done by using your chakra to manipulate his chakra flow, you need to be close, have direct eye contact or even physical contact with your opponent. You can say that the main limitation of Genjutsu is the range. The further you are away from your opponent, the harder it will become to induce the fluctuation on his chakra flow to produce the powerful and unique Genjutsu that you want.
How to counter/dispel a Genjutsu?
- The ninja needs to stop the flow of chakra in their body, and then apply an even stronger power to disrupt the flow of the caster's chakra. Likewise by altering your chakra flow through the introduction of foreign chakra you can get out of Genjutsu too. This can also be done by an unaffected ninja by applying a sudden surge of chakra into the affected person or even, for example, entering sage mode.
- Another option is accessible only to Sharingan wielders. Members of the Uchiha clan can break or see through Genjutsu using their Sharingan.
- One more option is through intense pain not caused by the Genjutsu and utilizing the resulting pain to bring their senses back in order.
- I also believe there is a C-rank Ninjutsu called Kai, which can be used to awaken oneself from a genjutsu by pushing the foreign chakra out of your body by using your own chakra ( that's my interpretation, not sure how it works).
Users:
Kurenai, Itachi Uchiha, Obito Uchiha
That's about all I know about it.
Please fill in the gaps if you'd like.
Last edited:
TheLastSamurai
Active member
Awards
Korra.
Sage of Snakes
Awards
Letttttttttttttttttttsssssssssss Play!
( Magen: Kokoni Arazu no Jutsu ) - Demonic Illusion: False Surroundings Technique
Rank: D
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short-Mid
Chakra Cost: 10 (+5 if you use it double)
Damage Points: N/A
Description: The user casts an illusion over an area that allows him to manipulate the way an area looks to fool an opponent. He can only change the way the terrain looks, and not any other feature.
Channel your chakra into my clone's brain and cause him to see the terrain to change in anyway you want it to. Make sure to make the terrain change in a way where my clone wont suspect he is in a genjutsu.
( Magen: Kokoni Arazu no Jutsu ) - Demonic Illusion: False Surroundings Technique
Rank: D
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short-Mid
Chakra Cost: 10 (+5 if you use it double)
Damage Points: N/A
Description: The user casts an illusion over an area that allows him to manipulate the way an area looks to fool an opponent. He can only change the way the terrain looks, and not any other feature.
Channel your chakra into my clone's brain and cause him to see the terrain to change in anyway you want it to. Make sure to make the terrain change in a way where my clone wont suspect he is in a genjutsu.
TheLastSamurai
Active member
Awards
Strong points
- Can be used to distort the environment for your opponent -
- Can be used as a diversion -
- Can be used to fool/taunt an opponent -
Weak points
- It doesn't do any damage on itself -
- If you overuse it, then your opponent will notice that he's in a genjutsu -
Combinations-strategies
You could make use of the environment to make him fall of a cliff, or run into a previous performed technique of yours.
Ways to counter this technique
By having your own chakra surge through your body or a small cut somewhere on your body
You Doing the jutsu
I channel my chakra into your clones brain and cast the genjutsu on him without him noticing, I make him believe that there isn't a small watersource near him, so that when he's near it, I'll use a water technique with a long range to make use of that water source and drown him by using that water source.
- Can be used to distort the environment for your opponent -
- Can be used as a diversion -
- Can be used to fool/taunt an opponent -
Weak points
- It doesn't do any damage on itself -
- If you overuse it, then your opponent will notice that he's in a genjutsu -
Combinations-strategies
You could make use of the environment to make him fall of a cliff, or run into a previous performed technique of yours.
Ways to counter this technique
By having your own chakra surge through your body or a small cut somewhere on your body
You Doing the jutsu
I channel my chakra into your clones brain and cast the genjutsu on him without him noticing, I make him believe that there isn't a small watersource near him, so that when he's near it, I'll use a water technique with a long range to make use of that water source and drown him by using that water source.
Korra.
Sage of Snakes
Awards
Nice
( Genjutsu: Kahen Tonsou ) - Illusion Technique: Flower Petal Escape
Rank: D
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short-Mid
Chakra Cost: 10
Damage Points: N/A
Description: The user makes five handseals, appearing to dissolve into a shower of cherry blossom petals. These petals surround the opponent, blocking his vision. This allows the user to mask his movement effectively.
*shows you five hand seals* Do the same hand seals and trap my clone into a genjutsu where they think you dissolve into a shower of cherry blossom petals. The petals should surround and block my clone's vision so you can attack my clone stealthily.
( Genjutsu: Kahen Tonsou ) - Illusion Technique: Flower Petal Escape
Rank: D
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short-Mid
Chakra Cost: 10
Damage Points: N/A
Description: The user makes five handseals, appearing to dissolve into a shower of cherry blossom petals. These petals surround the opponent, blocking his vision. This allows the user to mask his movement effectively.
*shows you five hand seals* Do the same hand seals and trap my clone into a genjutsu where they think you dissolve into a shower of cherry blossom petals. The petals should surround and block my clone's vision so you can attack my clone stealthily.
TheLastSamurai
Active member
Awards
Strong points
- You dissapear from your opponent's view -
- The petals surround your opponent, blocking his view -
- It's suited for sneak attacks -
Weak points
- Requires 5 hand seals -
- It's quite the useless genjutsu technique when your fighting an experience fighter -
- Once you dissolve into petals, your opponent will know he's in a genjutsu -
Combinations-strategies
You could use Flower Petal Escape when you're facing a technique of which you know that it's to fast to evade, so you use it in time to evade it and appear behind your opponent.
Ways to counter this technique
By having your own chakra surge through your body or a small cut somewhere on your body.
You Doing the jutsu
I perform the required hand seals, meanwhile I infuse the require chakra into your clones brain casting the genjutsu on him. I make him believe I dissolve into a shower of cherry blossom petals, I make sure the petals surround his whole body and that they block his vision, I then appear behind him and cut his throat (minato style), making him disperse.
- You dissapear from your opponent's view -
- The petals surround your opponent, blocking his view -
- It's suited for sneak attacks -
Weak points
- Requires 5 hand seals -
- It's quite the useless genjutsu technique when your fighting an experience fighter -
- Once you dissolve into petals, your opponent will know he's in a genjutsu -
Combinations-strategies
You could use Flower Petal Escape when you're facing a technique of which you know that it's to fast to evade, so you use it in time to evade it and appear behind your opponent.
Ways to counter this technique
By having your own chakra surge through your body or a small cut somewhere on your body.
You Doing the jutsu
I perform the required hand seals, meanwhile I infuse the require chakra into your clones brain casting the genjutsu on him. I make him believe I dissolve into a shower of cherry blossom petals, I make sure the petals surround his whole body and that they block his vision, I then appear behind him and cut his throat (minato style), making him disperse.
Korra.
Sage of Snakes
Awards
Good ^^
( Genjutsu: Kasumi ) - Illusion Technique: Servant
Rank: D
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short
Chakra Cost: 10
Damage Points: 20
Description: The user does one handseal and throws a paper bomb at the enemy. The enemy, trapped in a genjutsu will see a clone of the user advancing upon him. As the paper bomb reaches the enemy, it explodes
*shows you the hand seal* Do the handseal and throw a paper bomb at my clone but, trap my clone in a genjutsu where they believe the paper bomb is actually a clone going towards him then have the paper bomb explode when it gets near my clone.
( Genjutsu: Kasumi ) - Illusion Technique: Servant
Rank: D
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short
Chakra Cost: 10
Damage Points: 20
Description: The user does one handseal and throws a paper bomb at the enemy. The enemy, trapped in a genjutsu will see a clone of the user advancing upon him. As the paper bomb reaches the enemy, it explodes
*shows you the hand seal* Do the handseal and throw a paper bomb at my clone but, trap my clone in a genjutsu where they believe the paper bomb is actually a clone going towards him then have the paper bomb explode when it gets near my clone.
TheLastSamurai
Active member
Awards
Strong points
- Requires only one hand seal -
- Makes your opponent believe you sent a clone to attack him instead of a projectile -
Weak points
- Its short range -
- Your opponent can notice that he's in a genjutsu if he saw you throw the paper bomb on beforehand -
Combinations-strategies
This technique is most effective when used with a projectile, such as a shurriken or paper bomb or a small sized elemental technique that can be hidden by this genjutsu.
Ways to counter this technique
This genjutsu wouldn't work against a doujutsu wielder, what you can do is keep a watchfull eye and notice your opponent throw the paper bomb and then you'll know know that you're in a genjutsu, and then you can just use a wind based technique such as Wind Release: Gale Palm to blow the paper bomb back to your opponent and have him deal with it.
You Doing the jutsu
I perform the required hand seal, I then throw a paper bomb towards your clone, I meanwhile Infuse my chakra into your clone's head and make him believe that the paper bomb is acutally my clone attacking him, as he tries to block my "clone", the paper bomb explodes, causing him to disperse.
- Requires only one hand seal -
- Makes your opponent believe you sent a clone to attack him instead of a projectile -
Weak points
- Its short range -
- Your opponent can notice that he's in a genjutsu if he saw you throw the paper bomb on beforehand -
Combinations-strategies
This technique is most effective when used with a projectile, such as a shurriken or paper bomb or a small sized elemental technique that can be hidden by this genjutsu.
Ways to counter this technique
This genjutsu wouldn't work against a doujutsu wielder, what you can do is keep a watchfull eye and notice your opponent throw the paper bomb and then you'll know know that you're in a genjutsu, and then you can just use a wind based technique such as Wind Release: Gale Palm to blow the paper bomb back to your opponent and have him deal with it.
You Doing the jutsu
I perform the required hand seal, I then throw a paper bomb towards your clone, I meanwhile Infuse my chakra into your clone's head and make him believe that the paper bomb is acutally my clone attacking him, as he tries to block my "clone", the paper bomb explodes, causing him to disperse.
Korra.
Sage of Snakes
Awards
Nice^^
( Kasumi Jūsha no Jutsu ) - Mist Servant Technique
Rank: D
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short-Mid
Chakra Cost:10
Damage Points: N/A
Description: This illusion creates numerous illusionary clones of the user that appear to emerge from the ground, trees, rocks, etc. If these clones are attacked, they appear to multiply. The user can co-ordinate his attacks with the clones to make it appear as if they are real.
Trap my clone in a genjutsu were they see numerous clones of you that emerge from the ground and everywhere else. If my clone tries to hit the illusion clones they should multiply to him.
( Kasumi Jūsha no Jutsu ) - Mist Servant Technique
Rank: D
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short-Mid
Chakra Cost:10
Damage Points: N/A
Description: This illusion creates numerous illusionary clones of the user that appear to emerge from the ground, trees, rocks, etc. If these clones are attacked, they appear to multiply. The user can co-ordinate his attacks with the clones to make it appear as if they are real.
Trap my clone in a genjutsu were they see numerous clones of you that emerge from the ground and everywhere else. If my clone tries to hit the illusion clones they should multiply to him.
TheLastSamurai
Active member
Awards
Strong points
- Doesn't require hand seals -
- Makes your opponent believe that there're clones emerging from all directions and places around him, such as from the ground, from trees,rocks,.. -
- Makes your opponent believe that the clones multiply when attacked -
- The user can co-ordinate his attacks with the clones to make it appear as if they are real -
- low chakra cost -
Weak points
- Once you notice a clone rising from the ground or a tree, you should realize that you're in a genjutsu, how? logic! xD -
- Doesn't do damage on its own -
Combinations-strategies
Can be used in combination with a real clone hidden between the fake ones to attack your opponent with a real attack which will kill him.
Ways to counter this technique
By having your own chakra surge through your body or a small cut somewhere on your body.
You Doing the jutsu
I see your clone standing before me, I infuse the require chakra into his mind, making him believe he's seeing numerous clones of me emerging from the ground and trees and rocks, when he tries to attack them, they start multiplying, I decide to finish him off with a real clone who's standing behind him, a kunai through his back should do the trick.
- Doesn't require hand seals -
- Makes your opponent believe that there're clones emerging from all directions and places around him, such as from the ground, from trees,rocks,.. -
- Makes your opponent believe that the clones multiply when attacked -
- The user can co-ordinate his attacks with the clones to make it appear as if they are real -
- low chakra cost -
Weak points
- Once you notice a clone rising from the ground or a tree, you should realize that you're in a genjutsu, how? logic! xD -
- Doesn't do damage on its own -
Combinations-strategies
Can be used in combination with a real clone hidden between the fake ones to attack your opponent with a real attack which will kill him.
Ways to counter this technique
By having your own chakra surge through your body or a small cut somewhere on your body.
You Doing the jutsu
I see your clone standing before me, I infuse the require chakra into his mind, making him believe he's seeing numerous clones of me emerging from the ground and trees and rocks, when he tries to attack them, they start multiplying, I decide to finish him off with a real clone who's standing behind him, a kunai through his back should do the trick.
Korra.
Sage of Snakes
Awards
Good
( Magen: Narakumi ) - Demonic Illusion: Hell Viewing
Rank: D
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short
Chakra Cost: 10
Damage Points: N/A
Description: The user performs two handseals causing it to appear as if a swirl of leaves surrounds the opponent. The swirl eventually falls away, and after a few seconds, the opponent sees the image of whatever they fear the most, shocking them and potentially causing them to faint.
*shows you two hand seals* Do the two hand seals and cause my clone to see a swirl of leaves to surround my clone and after a few second with the leaves start to fall away have my clone see their worst fear causing my clone to pass out.
( Magen: Narakumi ) - Demonic Illusion: Hell Viewing
Rank: D
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short
Chakra Cost: 10
Damage Points: N/A
Description: The user performs two handseals causing it to appear as if a swirl of leaves surrounds the opponent. The swirl eventually falls away, and after a few seconds, the opponent sees the image of whatever they fear the most, shocking them and potentially causing them to faint.
*shows you two hand seals* Do the two hand seals and cause my clone to see a swirl of leaves to surround my clone and after a few second with the leaves start to fall away have my clone see their worst fear causing my clone to pass out.
TheLastSamurai
Active member
Awards
Strong points
- Can block your opponent's view for a certain time -
- Causes your opponent to see the image of whatever they fear the most -
- Can cause your opponent to faint -
Weak points
- Only short range -
- requires 2 hand seals -
- the swirl of the leaves makes it obvious that a genjutsu is at work -
Combinations-strategies
You could follow the swirl of leaves up by a suprise attack with a big sized technique , leaving not a lot space for your opponent to counter the attack, a technique such as the Fire Release: Hellfire Technique.
Ways to counter this technique
You can understand that you're in the genjutsu by observing the ground beforehand to check if there are any leaves on the ground, then you can have your own chakra surge through your body or a small cut somewhere on your body to undo the genjutsu.
You Doing the jutsu
I see your clone standing before me, I infuse the require chakra into his mind, making him believe as if a swirl of leaves is surrounding him, the swirl of leaves eventually falls away, I make him see a giant dragon that's about to eat him alive, out of fear, your clone screams out loud and faints. Making it quite easy for me to finish him off.
- Can block your opponent's view for a certain time -
- Causes your opponent to see the image of whatever they fear the most -
- Can cause your opponent to faint -
Weak points
- Only short range -
- requires 2 hand seals -
- the swirl of the leaves makes it obvious that a genjutsu is at work -
Combinations-strategies
You could follow the swirl of leaves up by a suprise attack with a big sized technique , leaving not a lot space for your opponent to counter the attack, a technique such as the Fire Release: Hellfire Technique.
Ways to counter this technique
You can understand that you're in the genjutsu by observing the ground beforehand to check if there are any leaves on the ground, then you can have your own chakra surge through your body or a small cut somewhere on your body to undo the genjutsu.
You Doing the jutsu
I see your clone standing before me, I infuse the require chakra into his mind, making him believe as if a swirl of leaves is surrounding him, the swirl of leaves eventually falls away, I make him see a giant dragon that's about to eat him alive, out of fear, your clone screams out loud and faints. Making it quite easy for me to finish him off.
Korra.
Sage of Snakes
Awards
Moving on to C ranks now^^ we are gonna skip Kai for now till the end of your gen since it would make more sense since you can release from multiple ranks of gen
( Kori Shinchū no Jutsu ) - Sly Mind Affect Technique
Rank: C
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short-Mid
Chakra Cost:15
Damage Points: N/A
Description: The user casts an illusion on the opponent that makes them believe they are travelling in a straight line, when instead they are moving in circles. This is only effective on moving opponents. If the opponent travels in the circle for hours, they will be exhausted.
Have my clone believe that he is going straight at you when he is really going in circles till he gets exhausted and passes out.
( Kori Shinchū no Jutsu ) - Sly Mind Affect Technique
Rank: C
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short-Mid
Chakra Cost:15
Damage Points: N/A
Description: The user casts an illusion on the opponent that makes them believe they are travelling in a straight line, when instead they are moving in circles. This is only effective on moving opponents. If the opponent travels in the circle for hours, they will be exhausted.
Have my clone believe that he is going straight at you when he is really going in circles till he gets exhausted and passes out.
TheLastSamurai
Active member
Awards
Fine by me ^^
Strong points
- Makes your opponent believe he's moving straight, but instead there're moving in circles -
- It's very effective in a situation where your opponent is trying to come close range with a technique (f.e. Chidori) -
- If the opponent travels in the circle for hours, they will be exhausted -
- doesn't require hand seals -
Weak points
- It only works on moving targets -
- Doesn't do any damage on its own -
Combinations-strategies
Once your opponent's trapped in the genjutsu, he's a living duck for me, I would have a clone use Lightning Release: Lightning Burial ~ Banquet of Lightning to hit him while he's running in circles. I'm making use of the fact that he's tunning circles because this technique attacks from all directions.
Ways to counter this technique
Doujutsu users won't fall for this genjutsu, and if you're not one, you can have a look at the terrain your moving on, you'll notice that it's repeating itself, then you can have your own chakra surge through your body or a small cut somewhere on your body to undo the genjutsu.
You Doing the jutsu
I notice your clone is attacking me from a mid range. fast, I infuse the require chakra into your clone's mind, and make him believe he's attacking me head on, but instead he's actually moving in circles. I make him run for hours, until he faints because of exhaustion.
Strong points
- Makes your opponent believe he's moving straight, but instead there're moving in circles -
- It's very effective in a situation where your opponent is trying to come close range with a technique (f.e. Chidori) -
- If the opponent travels in the circle for hours, they will be exhausted -
- doesn't require hand seals -
Weak points
- It only works on moving targets -
- Doesn't do any damage on its own -
Combinations-strategies
Once your opponent's trapped in the genjutsu, he's a living duck for me, I would have a clone use Lightning Release: Lightning Burial ~ Banquet of Lightning to hit him while he's running in circles. I'm making use of the fact that he's tunning circles because this technique attacks from all directions.
Ways to counter this technique
Doujutsu users won't fall for this genjutsu, and if you're not one, you can have a look at the terrain your moving on, you'll notice that it's repeating itself, then you can have your own chakra surge through your body or a small cut somewhere on your body to undo the genjutsu.
You Doing the jutsu
I notice your clone is attacking me from a mid range. fast, I infuse the require chakra into your clone's mind, and make him believe he's attacking me head on, but instead he's actually moving in circles. I make him run for hours, until he faints because of exhaustion.
Korra.
Sage of Snakes
Awards
Good ^_^
( Genjutsu: Jinmon ) - Illusion Technique: Interrogation
Rank: C
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short
Chakra Cost:15
Damage Points:30
Description: The user of this technique, upon casting on a stationary opponent with physical contact with them, is able to convince the enemy to give away information. However, this will only work on ninja two ranks lower and below than the caster.
This jutsu is used for getting info. Trap my clone in a genjutsu where you convince him to give you any information you want.
( Genjutsu: Jinmon ) - Illusion Technique: Interrogation
Rank: C
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short
Chakra Cost:15
Damage Points:30
Description: The user of this technique, upon casting on a stationary opponent with physical contact with them, is able to convince the enemy to give away information. However, this will only work on ninja two ranks lower and below than the caster.
This jutsu is used for getting info. Trap my clone in a genjutsu where you convince him to give you any information you want.
TheLastSamurai
Active member
Awards
Strong points
- You'll be able to convince the enemy to give away information -
- Doesn't require hand seals -
Weak points
- Has to be performed on a stationary opponent with physical contact with them -
- this will only work on ninja two ranks lower and below than the caster -
Combinations-strategies
It can be combined with a stealth ninjutsu after getting close to your opponent with him noticing, or in a close combat situation.
Ways to counter this technique
You can have your own chakra surge through your body or a small cut somewhere on your body to undo the genjutsu
You Doing the jutsu
we're in a close combat situation, I notice your clone is standing still and observing the situation, I make use of that moment to grab his arm and perform the genjutsu on him by infusing the required chakra into his body. I convince him through the genjutsu to tell me Blake's darkest secret
- You'll be able to convince the enemy to give away information -
- Doesn't require hand seals -
Weak points
- Has to be performed on a stationary opponent with physical contact with them -
- this will only work on ninja two ranks lower and below than the caster -
Combinations-strategies
It can be combined with a stealth ninjutsu after getting close to your opponent with him noticing, or in a close combat situation.
Ways to counter this technique
You can have your own chakra surge through your body or a small cut somewhere on your body to undo the genjutsu
You Doing the jutsu
we're in a close combat situation, I notice your clone is standing still and observing the situation, I make use of that moment to grab his arm and perform the genjutsu on him by infusing the required chakra into his body. I convince him through the genjutsu to tell me Blake's darkest secret
Korra.
Sage of Snakes
Awards
Nicely done
( Genjutsu: Jigoku Gouka ) - Illusion Technique: Hell Fire
Rank: C
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short-Mid
Chakra Cost: 15
Damage Points:N/A
Description: The user casts an illusion where the opponent sees a huge ball of fire descending from the sky and enveloping its target.
Simply make my clone believe there is a huge fireball coming down form the sky onto him.
( Genjutsu: Jigoku Gouka ) - Illusion Technique: Hell Fire
Rank: C
Type: Supplementary
Range: Short-Mid
Chakra Cost: 15
Damage Points:N/A
Description: The user casts an illusion where the opponent sees a huge ball of fire descending from the sky and enveloping its target.
Simply make my clone believe there is a huge fireball coming down form the sky onto him.