if his chakra is full it wont effect his health
that time when he use in konoha his chakra was so low it kill him
The databook implies death no matter what.
"Gedou Rinnei Tensei no Jutsu
Ones life is not spared for a worthy cause (sacrifce ones life for a worthy cause), life burns after it's returned from the underworld (? I think, man this was a tough one).
Rikudou's technique, the antithesis to the path of hell, is this Jutsu (basically it's the opposite of sending one to hell, it's liberating them from hell). The ruler of hades is summoned, the life of a deceased is granted life. It's different than Edo Tensei, because one is brought perfectly back to life with the body/flesh being rejuvenated, a supreme jutsu. Nagato had the jutsu in his possession and he used it to rejuvenate everyone in the leaf village. A wondrous miracle Jutsu, of course naturally there exists an equivalent exchange. Ones life. To stake ones life, one would decisively say it's self sacrifice.
Gedou's power to return to the soul to the flesh a second time"