Edit: Let me begin that I'm not addressing Naruto facing all 5 Kage at once; rather, it would be a sequential fight like Sasuke went through.
Sage mode Naruto is a better matchup than MS Sasuke at the time of the Kage summit. As far as assistance goes, I think it's more appropriate for him to show up as he did against Nagato, where his assistance is from the toads and not people like Sakura, Kakashi, or Yamato.
Sasuke got himself into trouble in part because he hadn't mastered his MS like Itachi had or the way Naruto had perfected sage mode, aside from fusion due to the Kyuubi. His other problem was running out of chakra and needing white Zetsu to give him an infusion, which is obviously never been a weakness for Naruto, but a strength.
I suppose the Raikage's speed is an issue when sage mode expires, he might prevent the summons of his sage clones, but I think the toads got that covered. Also, I'm not really sure how well genjutsu works against raiton armor shroud, but the toad song could end things quickly.
FRS if thrown is useless against the Raikage, so Naruto would have to hold it possibly as a defense against the Raikage, like Sasuke with his Enton. Punching through FRS would destroy every cell it hits, potentially being worse off damage than Ameratsu.
The Raikage might get his jar sent to him at near light speed or whatever it's rate, but the message would have to get to the cloud village first and at a much slower speed than the battles would take, thus it's irrelevant for this discussion.
The Raikage really is quite strong, it may not seem it due to his style of nin-taijutsu. After him, Gaara is kind of weird since I don't know how the emotions would limit them. Mei the Mizukage would be an interesting fight, but I haven't seen her do much to judge fairly. The same goes with Onooki, but he has that dust release bloodline expansion, and was needed to fight Mu in Edo Tensei who also had dust release as his teacher. The dude can destroy islands. If he and Naruto fought, Iron country would be no more.
Danzou would crush Naruto? Please...fighting him is all about stamina. He's mainly a one trick pony with imperfect Izanagi for the most part, and his mokuton and imperfect Izanagi use up a ton of chakra, which I'm curious if Naruto in sage mode could see or not. Against sage Naruto and his toads, Danzou would never outlast him. Villains who gain their strength from unnatural means always lose in this series, just look back.
I think if Danzou could've taken down Nagato, he would've chosen to. That way it'd be easy to pick him as Hokage, and not have to live in Naruto's, yet another person after Hiruzen, shroud of heroism. Instead he sat in the basement like Hitler's last days.
Could Naruto get through them all, no, but I think he could do better than Sasuke and may've even taken 1-2 out like Madara hoped Sasuke would. Naturally, they're both stronger now, with the EMS and RKS mode (though neither have perfected their recent power ups), for Sasuke and Naruto respectively. I have a feeling that each could guarantee killing at least one Kage, if they aren't convinced to off themselves first after story time.
P.S. Minato was aided by Kushina, but I don't think he required it. What Minato had that no other current Kage has shown, sans Danzou (not a master), was his mastery of seals due to the friendship with the Uzumaki and Leaf. That's why he took down the Kyuubi. Kushina primarily helped restrain the Kyuubi and provided chakra for Naruto's seal. Accomplishing something with aid, doesn't necessarily mean it required aid.