Actually, Bijuu Dama is a extremely overrated jutsu, mostly overrated by fans(Naruto's, who scream, one bijuu dama and Sasuke is wiped out U_U)
First of all, Bijuu dama has many weakness, like, for example, the incoming Bijuu dama can be deflected by sheer force only, even on the user(bijuu) itself, which is evident from Hashirama's fight and Juubi deflecting 8-tails Bijuu dama.
Bijuu dama is like a balloon full of water, it will explode on contact, but if you are able to cushion/catch/deflect it, you will be unharmed.
Then let take Susanoo's for the example.....i will go one by one....in the cases below, i will use Bijuu dama of 8/9-tails.
1. Sasuke's Susanoo(MS version):- It will get destroyed by Bijuu dama. If the susanoo is complete(with body armour), it may still able to save Sasuke's body, from being torn apart by the blast.
2. Sasuke's Susanoo(EMS version):- From what we have seen so far, it has not yet shown any significant increase in defense, it only aquired a additional layer of scales, but still that may save sasuke from Bijuu dama.
Note:- Additonal ways to counter Bijuu dama:-
1. Burn it with Black Fires:- Sasuke can use Amaterasu to burn the Bijuu dama before it hits him.
2. Prick it with a Amaterasu Arrow:- Sasuke can use Susanoo arrow to hit the Bijuu dama before it reaches sasuke, which will make it explode.
2. Itachi's Susanoo:- Itachi's Susanoo have a huge advantage, its yata mirror, which will protect it from any Bijuu dama. Plus, Totsuka sword can be used to slice it in half, or seal it. Other ways of defeating a Bijuu bomb can be to use Amaterasu or Yasaka Magamata.
Note:- Haters think that Susanoo is a slow robot, which takes hours to move. but thats not true, Even if the enemy appears at the back of the Sunsaoo with extreme speed, Susanoo can swing the yata mirror it save the back.
3. Madara's Susanoo:- From what we have seen so far, He is a beast. his EMS susanoo was able to come out unscratched from nine tails Bijuu dama. And talking about Perfect Susanoo, infront of perfect susanoo, the Kyuubi is like a mouse, and a Bijuu dama will hardly tickle the perfect susanoo.